Racism Against Native Americans and African Americans free essay sample

Racism against Native Americans and African Americans Sometimes I imagine that racial diversity would be a boon to human kind if there was no such thing called â€Å"racial hatred†. Now if you tell me that if there was only one kind of race then I will tell you that if all roses were red then what you would have given for a funeral? My point is that diversity is what makes this world keep going amusingly and these notions of race and ethnicities as big and small, upper class and lower class, superior and inferior are just mere perspectives. In my opinion there is only one kind of race and that is â€Å"Human Kind† and we all are doing these buzzes because we lack unity in diversity. There are no race-specific DNA traits which demonstrate my view that racism is social but not biological. From the Roman Empire to today’s ultra modern age, from Hitler to Osama Bin Laden, and from Thomas Jefferson to Rev. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism Against Native Americans and African Americans or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jeremiah Wright; people never forget to show this acquired sense of racism. Why I called it acquired? Because a white man is not born to hate black or a black man is not born to hate white. But we are the mere appointee of this prejudiced perspective we have been taught by our family, neighborhood, and society for years and years. Society has never been able to get away from this prejudice but we pretend like we don’t care about it calling ourselves trans-racial society but I doubt the truthfulness of our intention. Why? Because the ghosts of our bitter experience of racism either towards Native Americans or towards African Americans keep on haunting us with the events like one in Rosebud and Pine Ridge counties in South Dakota or even worse event like â€Å"Jena 6† in Louisiana. It looks like this thing will go on and on unless the elimination of social prejudice to â€Å"judge people by color but not the content of character† they have as MLK used to say. But I have to be optimistic that we have been able to institutionalize this racial discrimination by creating Civil Rights Act which prohibits the discriminatory treatment in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. You have posed a very important question in the lecture that- How is that so much discrimination exists, when there are laws to protect it? The Jena 6† incident answers this query because a person who is obliged to protect the juveniles start treating them on the basis of their skin color clearly demonstrates that the laws are very weak and vague to protect one as a free citizen. I think that race is not a problem here but racism is the problem. When we use the terms race and color why it does directly applies to blacks and browns which makes me think that whites are the â€Å"status quo† of all races. As you have mentioned in the lecture that the history of the Native Americans often gets overlooked is true because the act of ethnic cleansing by the white European settlers was kind of victory to them but I actually consider it an inhumane act. And the act of Americanizing the Native Americans is an invasion of culture and norms which is the true color of a colonist. The racist images and stereotypes by the European Americans against the Native Americans as explained by the authors in chapter 6 clearly proves the â€Å"Dominant Rules† slogan. Recently, the whole world seemed obsessed talking about president Obama. Why? Because he gained astonishing success in his short political career or he is a very skilled orator or he is a very intelligent man who was also the president of prestigious Harvard Law Review. I think these are superficial reasons but the real reason is that he is the first black president in the history of United States. Anybody who runs for president should be a good orator, intelligent, and smart but Obama gained much more buzz than usual because he broke the â€Å"status-quo† as I have mentioned earlier. The black neighborhoods are generally considered poor and the white neighborhoods rich. These patters of thinking have the general consequence of institutionalizing racism in terms of poverty. The stereotype that young black men are criminals and drug abusers has further ghettoized the African- American community and has destroyed any possibility for normal family and community relations. As a result it has contributed in the disruption of the family, prevalence of more single parents, children raised without a father in the ghetto. Inability of these people to get jobs has further complicated the living standard of the people. If you are from the Boston area, it’s no surprise that there are more shootings and stabbings in Dorchester and Roxbury than Newton and Beacon Hill. So, it sends a wrong message that young black men are violent and hostile. The place where I was born and raised never had racial problem but immense ethnic and caste problem. The south Asian countries are in great turmoil of caste exploitation and ethnic exploitation which I think is new to most Americans. So, it’s very interesting for me to draw the comparisons in between racial and ethnic exploitation in terms of power. Usually, the higher castes dominate the lower castes and virtually enslave them for their benefits. The lower castes are regarded â€Å"Untouchables† which I think is an evil and the ugliest form of humanity. In case of race, I think discrimination and privilege portrays the power. At the individual level someone who is an advantaged member of a disadvantaged group could discriminate against someone less privileged than him/her or against someone with less power from a privileged group and at the institutional level that cannot happen because it is the groups in power who do the discrimination.

Diversity In The Workplace †Business Essay

Diversity In The Workplace – Business Essay Free Online Research Papers Diversity In The Workplace Business Essay Age difference is something that will always be there. No matter what, there will always be age diversity. Age is such a big factor that there is the Employers Forum on Age in the United Kingdom, which is an independent network of leading employers who recognize the value of an age diverse workforce. I believe that age will make an impact with the dominance and interactive styles more so than with the steadiness and cautious styles. Dominance and interactive styles tend to be faster paced than the other two and an older individual may not be able to keep up with the pace. The Dominance Style The dominance style is the style that I fall under so I will be able to focus more on it than the others. Individuals with the dominance style tend to be fast paced and decisive. These individuals may have a problem with age diversity due to their pace. Someone who is older may not be able to keep up with the pace that the dominant style wants to have. This will then cause the dominant style people to become impatient because they will be behind schedule. They are also insensitive to others’ feelings so they may come across as being controlling. The dominance style individuals may discriminate against certain individuals concerning religion without knowing it. The big priority for the dominant style is the goal and they may have tunnel vision and not see anything but the goal. Lack of knowledge of the religion is what may cause the problem. Gender is something that I do not think will affect the dominance style individuals much at all. The only thing that could cause a problem is if someone from the opposite sex is threatening their control or productivity. The dominance style individuals seek to have control and leadership. Differences in skills and abilities make a big difference with the dominance style. The dominance style is fast paced and task-oriented. Someone with a lack of skills and abilities will have a hard time keeping up with the dominance style. If there are a lack of skills and abilities, the dominance style will be less patient with those individuals. The dominance style will stick with the agenda and keep the conversation on subject. If an individual has a low skill and ability level, the dominance style will grow impatient with them. The Interactive Style The interactive style individuals are also fast paced. Older individuals may have a hard time keeping up but the individual style individuals are more concerned with people’s feelings than what the dominance style individuals are. They may fall behind their deadline due to this but they will be more concerned everyone’s feelings rather than the goal. Religion may not be much of a problem for this style because the individuals are more open and willing to interact. With the willingness to interact, they may learn more about others’ religious beliefs and not offend them. As I have said before, they are concerned with people’s feelings and would not want to offend them by not knowing about their religion or at least have some sort of understanding of it. I believe that the interactive style will not have a problem with gender discrimination because their priority is people, whether it is male or female. The interactive style is also less patient if there is a lack of skills and abilities. Individuals may be able to interact better with the interactive style though because they are more people-oriented than task-oriented. That could be the reason that it is called the interactive style. The Steadiness Style I do not believe that age will affect this style much because this style is slower paced and built on teamwork. Their top priority is relationships, so they will be able to interact with anyone, regardless of age. As I have said before, I believe that someone may be discriminated against concerning religion because of lack of knowledge on certain individuals’ parts. Not knowing certain beliefs or holidays may offend some individuals of that certain religion without realizing it. Gender discrimination should not be a problem with the steadiness style because, as stated before, they want to have relationships and teamwork. They seek to build friendships and it should not matter what gender the person is. The steadiness style individual is more friendly and personal than the other styles and this will help them with other people. The differences of skills and abilities should not make a difference for this style. They will be more personal and friendly with people that may lack skills or abilities by helping out and picking up some of the slack. The Cautious Style The cautious may have a problem with age not because of the slower pace but because they may not be as precise and accurate like the style is looking for. An older individual may not be able to be as precise or accurate as one would like them to be. The cautious style will probably not discriminate when it comes to religion because they are concerned with being cautious, of course, as the name states. They seek to be precise and accurate so that will probably carry over to having knowledge of various religious beliefs of coworkers or other group members. I do not believe that gender is a problem unless that person is not as systematic as the cautious style would like them to be. The skills and abilities of individuals will make a big impression on this style. The priority is the task at hand and they seek accuracy and precision. If someone is lacking in these areas, it will not set well with the cautious style. This style does not like disorganization and is very high on preparation and thoroughness. Conclusion The four styles are all different in their own ways and everything is taken differently depending on which style you are dealing with. The key, though, is how someone in a certain style can adapt and work with others from another style. Being able to do this will set those individuals apart and show that they can excel at what they do. References Employers Forum on Age. Retrieved on July 11, 2005 from efa.org.uk Alessandra, T. (2004). The DISC Platinum Rule Behavior Style Assessment, which is based on The Platinum Rule Model of Behavior Styles. Research Papers on Diversity In The Workplace - Business EssayThree Concepts of PsychodynamicHip-Hop is ArtResearch Process Part OneThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Hockey GameThe Project Managment Office SystemInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Managing Change in an organisation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Change in an organisation - Coursework Example The case indicates the existence of a large internet provision company that has employed a large number of employees. In addition, it also possesses small sales stores in two other cities. With this, it is expected that the business activities should make it possible for the organization to attain its goals and objectives in an easier manner. However, it is not possible since the culture within the organization does not provide the appropriate environment for the staff members to work together as a team and achieve the organizational goal.The cultured within the organization is so relaxed to the extent that it does not allow the organization to provide satisfactory services to its customers. This is what creates the need to change and manage the different aspects so as to ensure that the quality of services provided by the organization make it possible to meet the organizational goals and objectives. In this case, the principle problem to be addressed is the culture of the organizati on in terms of management of people and the tasks within in order to maximize the services that are provided to the customers and therefore, the returns that are produced by the organization.One of the major issues being faced by this organization is the fact that the culture within it was very relaxed. This is in the sense that the employees do not have a specific dress code, they are merely employed as friends and not in an official way that is based on the merits and demerits of the job at hand.

Genesis 12-15, 18 summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Genesis 12-15, 18 summary - Essay Example Abram builds an altar in the mountain to honour him: making it a tradition in every places he pitches tent. He made covenant with God in this alter that on His (God) promises to him. There was a time famine struck the land he was dwelling in causing him to enter Egypt by lying that Sarai was his sister. The government officials see her beauty and forward her to Pharaoh who promises Abraham a lot of wealth and slaves in exchange for her. Later the lord strikes the house of Pharaoh with plaques after which pharaoh learns of the deceit thereby confronting Abram. In the end Abram leaves Egypt chastened and wealthy. Among the many promised to him, the lord likens his Abram’s descendants to the stars in the sky. Abraham goes through so much around that period and by chapter 15, the lord changes his name from Abram to Abraham and his wife from Sarai to Sarah. In chapter 18, the Abraham is visited by three people as he was sitting at the entrance of his tent. He greats them in recognition as his Lords and welcomes them in; offering food and a place to sleep. They ask of Sarah and promised Abraham that a time like that the next year, she will be carrying a baby. Of course due to her old age Sarah laughs it off. When walking out the servants noticed Sodom and Gomorrah and how wicked the place was. Abraham pleads with them not to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah. The servants decide to leave that place without destroying it since Abraham had pleaded that there might about ten people who are still righteous in the eyes of the

Eport that outlines why sustainable development is part of the Essay

Eport that outlines why sustainable development is part of the solution to man-made global warming - Essay Example Wind energy appears to be feasible sustainable energy option, which can fulfil power needs, even while countering global warming. Table of Contents Introduction 3 Aims and Objectives 3 Global Warming and how sustainable development is the way forward 4 Sustainable options 5 Conclusion 7 References 8 Sustainable development is part of the solution to man-made global warming Introduction Man-made global warming subjects the environment to various forms of ‘assaults’ and that is having a extreme effect on the human lives as well, as both coexist. Loss of human supporting biodiversity, shortage of fresh water, drastic changes in climate, etc are having negative effect on the health of the humans. Unless this negative impact of global warming is stopped or paused or even minimized, it will continue to endanger many human lives not only in the present but also in the future. Thus, before formulating any strategies against global warming, it is necessary to understand how actio ns taken by people of current generation could have an impact or consequence for them as well as for the future generations. This aspect of understanding and caring for the people of present times as well as future, and thereby acting accordingly only constitutes sustainable development. As defined by Kates, Parris and Leiserowitz (2005) sustainable development is the â€Å"†¦ability to make development sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs† Aims and Objectives Development is carried out mainly focusing on economic and materialistic aspects, without thinking about sustainability. That is, as pointed out above, sustainable development focuses on the wellbeing of not only the present generation of people but also the future, but this focus on economic aspects and materialism is destroying the environment and the people dependent on it. Thus, it is very crucial to carry out these developmental activities in a sustainable way. Sustainable development is a major part of the solution to global warming, as it eliminates the catalytic factors of global warming. After focusing on how sustainable development is the way forward for the human race, the next part of the paper will discuss the various sustainable options, particularly focusing on Wind power. The paper will end with a personal conclusion on how to stop or pause or even minimize global warming and its effects. Global Warming and how sustainable development is the way forward Global Warming is mainly caused by the GHG, particularly Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and their activities in the atmosphere. This increased CO2 emissions and the resultant global warming hots up the earth abnormally, leading to various negative effects on the environment as well as the human lives. CO2 emissions are visible in various human developmental activities starting from constructing new infrastructure to the process of elect rification. For example, Coal, used to generate electrical power in many countries around the world, is also high emitter of CO2. â€Å"With Coal having the highest carbon intensity among fossil fuels, coal-fired plants have the highest output rate of CO2 per kilowatthour.† (eia.doe.gov). As there is increasing emission of CO2, earth gets hotted up very quickly melting the

Overview of Applications to Flavonoids to Cancer

Overview of Applications to Flavonoids to Cancer Flavonoids and its effect on the proliferation of the cells: Published date suggested that flavonoids have capability to inhibit phosphate protein kinases on their specific sites. Flavonoids interact with Akt/PKB (protein-kinase B), tyrosine kinase P1KC (protein-1 kinase C), PI3-kinase (phosphoinositide 3-kinase), and MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase signaling pathways. Flavonoids have been reported to activate and inhibit the effects on these signaling pathways by modulating of their gene expressions (Williams et al., 2004). Flavonoids inhibitory mechanism has been proved by altering their receptor phosphorylations or blocking growth factor receptor binding. Flavonoids also inhibit Fyn and Lck protein kinases, involved in T cell signaling transport (Calic et al., 2005). PI3K catalyze productions of PIP1 and PIP2. PIP3 may activate the PDK1 which stimulates the Akt/PKB. Of these effects PDK1 is essential for regulator of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. Bad, Bcl-2, and caspases proteins are responsible for apoptosis, these can be inhbitied by Akt pathway. Several data have been suggested that flavonoids directly inhibit the PI3K pathway by their interacting their ATP binding sites. MAPK pathway ((ERK2, JNK1 and p38) are responsible for releasing of many survival genes (c-Fos, c-Jun) and those genes which are involved in the antioxidant activity (detoxification enzymes, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione-reductase) have also been activated by low level of quercetin. Anti-cancerous properties of the flavonoids: Flavonoids also have anticancer activities by blocking their cellular mechanism. Flavonoids targets the cell cycle regulator proteins (cycline-dependent kinases and their inhibitors, protein p53 and Rb, E2Fs, ATM/ATR and surviving transition-controlling points G1/S and G2/M) (Sing et al., 2006). Flavopiridol properly inhibits the CDK1-and CDK2 cell regulating pathways (Vermeulen et al., 2003). Cell proliferation and cell viability ratio of the prostate cancer decreased with treatment of quercetin. Quercetin induced apoptosis with down-regulating mechanism of Hsp90 expression of proteins, resulting in the death of cancer cells by inhibiting the cellular growth. (Aalinkeel et al., 2008). Inhibiting cellular growth and DNA synthesis and blockage of cell cycle at S-phase in squamta cells have been reported with quercetin (Haghiac et al., 2005). Querecetin also prevents growth of nasopharyngeal cancer cells via arrest of cell cycle at G1/S phase (Ong et al., 2004). ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway stimulates the lung cancer which is derived from the A549 cell proliferation have been reported combine inhibitory effects of querecetin and kaempferol (Hung et al., 2007). Quercetin stimulates the protein expressions of p21 and p22 which inhibited the cell cycle in H epG2 cells (Mu C et al., 2007). Quercetin at the concentration of (248uM) down-regulates the mutantp53 expressions which is almost untraceable in the cell lines of the breast cancer. Negative control was too lower as compare to normal gene p53. Quercetin at the dose of 70 uM, having inhibiting activity on cell division, and trysine kinase activity, is an enzyme placed on the cell membrane and is involved in growth factors and signaling transduction in nucleus (Lamson et al., 2000). Scientific data have been reported that flavonoids especially the quercetin having oral anticancer properties. Quercetin inhibits the cellular growth and DNA synthesis depending the dose and timing of the administration. Quercetin induced apoptosis with treatment of caspase-3 proteins after 72 hours, and cell necrosis after 24-48 hours in SCC-9 cells. Flow cytometer studies confirmed cell cycle blockage at S-phase with the treatment of quercetin (Haghiac et al., 2005). Quercetin induced cell proliferation of B16-BL6 after 72 hours and also caused apoptosis in B16-BL6 cells and reduced the expressions of Bcl-2 and anti-apoptotic proteins (Zhang et al., 2000). Anti-apoptotic properties of the flavonoids: Flavonoids have been reported to induce apoptosis process by activating and modulating cellular signaling pathways resulting in death of pre-cancerous and maligne cells, which terminates cancer development or progression. Human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP, treated with different concentrations of quercetin shown to inhibited cell death after 24 hours. Inhibition of Akt survival signals have been activated in the treated cells. Rapid decrease in Ser 136 phosphorylation in Bad that is a Akt target have been reported with treatment of LNCaP and 100 uM of quercetin. Quercetin have been shown to reduce the Bcl-XL, Bx ratio and enhances translocation and multimeriation of Bax in the mitochondrial membrane; cytochrome-c released by translocation, and the caspase 3, 5, 9 proteins and PARB (poli(ADP-ribose)polymerase). Remarkably, quercetin does not induce cellular viability or apoptosis at same concentrations in normal prostatic epithelial cells (Zhanget al., 2000). Exposure of cells for longer time on quercetin induced apoptosis intervened by reduction of thymidylate synthase (Ong et al., 2004). Quercetin induced apoptosis in CNE2 and HK1 cells after 24 hours of treatment and treatment was continued when necrosis was observed. HeLa cells have been exposed on non-toxic flavonoid concentrations which slightly susceptible to TRAIL induced cell death. TRAIL mediated cytotoxicity in HeLa cells was increased by apigenin and ginstein but no effect have been documented with kaempfeol and quercetin (Leeet al., 2008). Luteoline induced cell cytotoxicity by suppressing PI3K/Akt (phosphattidylinositol 3-kinase), NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa B) and XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) and activates of apoptotic pathways, such as p53 protein (Lin et al., 2008 and Lopez-Lazaro., 2009). At high doses majority of the flavonoids suppressors AP-1 activity (activator protein 1) by MAPK (mitogen – activated protein kinase) pathway (Gopalakrishnan et al., 2006). Activation of cellular signaling pathways in cancer and flavonoids: Figures-9. Sources of inflammatory mediators and their origin Figure-7. Some diseases and cancers associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) Conclusion: Oxidative stress brings the changes into the cells resulting in gene mutation which leads to the carcinogenesis. It brings direct or indirect intra and inter-cellular and intercellular transduction and transcription changes by antioxidants. The role of oxidative stress in carcinogenesis and tumor bearing conditions is complex and various mechanisms and substances are involved. Clinical evidence suggests that oxidative stress and inflammation linked to free radicles over generation may be the key factor in development of chronic diseases, insulin resistance, diabetes, cardiovascular and other diseases. Excessive nutrition, stress in combination with sedentary lifestyle, can independently result in overburden of glucose and fatty acid accumulation with musle, adipose tissue and pancreatic cells. All these factors lead to chronic inflammation resulting in chronic diseases. Published data suggested that the key role of polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids as therapeutics agents in the inflammatory diseases including obesity, T2DM, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases cancer and aging. Flavonoids are the key modulators of inflammatory molecules. Flavonoids inhibits the AMPK one of the major pathway of inflammation and cancer. Activation of AMPK by flavonoids causes to increase the cancer cell apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation and some studies suggested that it a neoplastic agent Furthermore, inflammation stimulates various inflammatory mediators, chemokine’s, cytokines, signaling transductions and transcriptional factors; overproduction for long periods may lead to chronic inflammation which in turn to chronic diseases such as neurological diseases and cancer. Better clarification of these mechanisms will be beneficial to the development of efficacious prevention and therapies of inflammation associated cancers. Moreover, effects of flavonoids at molecular mechanism and study also should be carried out on modulatory action; effects on transcription levels of the flavonoids should be studied. Fig-4. Anti-inflammatory activities of the flavonoids SOD- Superoxide dismutase 2- CAT- Catalase 3- GPx- Glutathione peroxidase 4- GR- Glutathione reductase 5- GST- Glutathione S-transferase. 6- ÃŽ ³GCS- ÃŽ ³-glutamylcysteine synthetase 7- NADPH:NQO1- quinone oxidoreductase-1. 8- HSP70- heat shock proteins. 9- MPO- myeloperoxidase 10- iNOS- inducible nitric oxidase synthase. 11- OH Hydroxyl radical. 12- O2 -superoxide radical. 12- MDA- Malondialdehyde 13- IL-2 interlukins-2 14- FMLP- Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine. 15- TNF-ÃŽ ±- Tumor necrosis factor ÃŽ ±. 16- LTB4- Leukotriene B4. 17- LTC4- Leukotriene C4. 18- TXB2- Thomboxane B2 19. PGE2- Prostaglandins e2. 20- NF-ÃŽ ºB- Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta 21- ICAM-1- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 22- VCAM-1- vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

Downs Syndrome (Mongolism) Essay -- Biology Health Science

Downs Syndrome (Mongolism) All children that are born with Downs Syndrome (previously called ‘mongolism’) have a common characteristic appearance and may also share similar congenital birth defects. Dr John Downs, of whom the condition is so named after, found that children who were born with these similar characteristics and that after testing were complete. It was found that there was a common chromosome abnormality, which is known as ‘Trisomy 21’ (Cunningham, 1996). Every pregnant woman is at risk of having a Downs Syndrome child. For example 1 in 1,000 women who are 28yrs will give birth to a child with this condition. However, the risk is much greater with a woman who is 38yrs, increasing the risk by approximately 1 in 200 births. Until recently, it was thought that a woman’s age was the only indicator to the risk involved. However, advances in medical practise can now carry out tests out by looking at a woman’s hormone and protein levels during pregnancy. Also with the information of the expectant mother’s age and the use of maternal screening, two thirds of Downs Syndrome infants can be identified whilst still in the womb. Research into the origins of Downs Syndrome has been carried out worldwide all with one common question in mind; is the condition genetic, thus making it hereditary? However, research that has been carried out has found, that children born with this condition have the same genetic makeup as a child born without the condition. However, there is one difference and that is a child born with Downs Syndrome, will have an extra chromosome. By having just one chromosome extra is enough to tip the finely tuned balance of the human body and will in turn produce physical and intellectual characteristics that are found in Downs Syndrome. It is commonly known that genes are passed from parent to child. And those most have two copies of every gene. In general one copy is passed on from both mother and father at the time of conception. The genes are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The arrangement of chemicals in the DNA strand is different for every gene (Cunningham, 1996). The genes are grouped together in long thin, thread like strands called chromosomes. Therefore, it is these chromosomes that carry the essential information, which will determine how we look, how healthy we are and whether there will be c... ...statements in to context, it is meant that essentially this is the ‘social model of disability’. In simple terms, this means that it is the environment (both physically and society’s attitudes), which are the problems and not the condition that leads to physical mental impairments. With this model, the emphasis is on overcoming the negative environments so that a person with different needs, qualities and attributes can feel included in that community. As the human race goes forward into the new millennium, is not time that we pick up those less able and carry them with us, instead of leaving them behind hoping the problem may go away ?†¦ BIBLIOGRAPHY Carr. J. (1995): Downs Syndrome: Children Growing Up. London: Cambridge University Press. Cassell. S. (1996): New Approaches To Downs Syndrome. London: Brian Stratford & Pat Gunn. Cunningham. C. (1996): Downs Syndrome: An Introduction For Parents. London: Souvenir Press. Rees. P. (1992): Heart Children. Surrey: Heart Line Association. Selikowitz. M. (1997): Downs Syndrome: The Facts. London: Oxford University Press. http://www.ds-health.com/trisomy.htm http://www.nas.com/downsyn/benke.html

Vocab In Context Questions and Strategies for SAT Reading

This is a daunting story about an abject old man whose requisitions made him wealthy but also forlorn. As a youth his life was fraught with anxiety and despondent treatment from his family. Isolated, he wallowed in his destitute self despair, which encouraged his spiteful nature and a need to become affluent. As he grew he gained an interest in making all those around him as unhappy as he was.Fueled by his dilapidated feelings he found him self in a redoubtable job in no time, he became an auditor. His primary job was to go from place to place and collect unpaid taxes, if not he would get to close their business or make requisitions of your belongings and domicile. This was of course a suitable job for someone who wanted to make other people miserable, and any attempts to pacify or allay him were dismissed with his abhorring smile.He was very famous for this smile, so famous in fact it was a well known joke among people who knew him that his smile could even assuage a feral dog. Once , on very quite winter day the old man was seen making his way down the austere street in what was considered one of the least wealthy parts of town. He dressed very formidably but that was overlooked by that nasty smile he held on his face. This was when he was struck by a lightning bolt wiping that dirty smile right off his face. By Zachary Clementz

The attitudes and feelings presented in Romeo Juliet Essays

The attitudes and feelings presented in Romeo Juliet Essays The attitudes and feelings presented in Romeo Juliet Paper The attitudes and feelings presented in Romeo Juliet Paper Essay Topic: Romeo and Juliet Most the attitudes and feelings presented in Romeo and Juliet are closely linked to the themes presented in the play. The main themes of the play are developed by contrast and centre on love. These attitudes are different to the attitudes that are used today and that is why Shakespearean characters are seen to be more humorous than they are perhaps intended to be. In the opening scenes, three different kinds of love are portrayed. Sensual love is first presented in the vulgar jokes of Samson and Gregory, in the bawdy comments of the Nurse, and in Mercutios sexual jokes about Rosaline at the expense of Romeo. After this a love sick Romeo is shown, who is in love with idea of love, and believes that Rosaline is the girl of his dreams where in fact she is quite the opposite. He is the only person who is unaware of the shallowness of his love as it is purely sexual. The third type of love presented in the play is Conventional Love, this is when love is arranged by families who are looking for allies or something In return. Paris offers his rank in exchange for Juliets love; this is similar to Romeos feelings for Rosaline. He courteously requests for Juliets hand in marriage to Lord Capulet, even though his eyes had never met hers. There is no emotion here, only convenience and proper social matching. Nevertheless, against this initial presentation, Romeos feelings towards Rosaline are thrown in the air when he and Juliet are first introduced to each other at the Capulets ball. He immediately forgets about his artificial love towards Rosaline, as true love takes complete possession over his mind. But there are some opposite feelings shown also, which contrast all of the loving feelings. For example, in act 1 scene 1, Sampson and Gregory are taking a walk across the grounds where they live and they are having a casual conversation about sex. Sampson talks about how women are the weaker vessels, this shows that he believes that men are superior to women. This depicts the attitude that many males had at this time. They both talk about what they are going to do to the Montague women. Ay, the heads of the maids, or their maidenheads-take it in what sense thou wilt. What Sampson is saying here is that he is going to rape the Montague women and then cut off their heads. The word maidenhead used to mean virginity, so he what he has said has 2 meanings. The way in which he nonchalantly says these remarks would make it seem that this sort of joking was tolerable banter between young men at this time. Shakespeare also presents this chauvinistic view towards women by using extended metaphors and imagery. There is an ongoing link to natural things, such as when the head of the Capulet household says to the other male characters at his party, Inherit the delights of fresh female buds. This kind of natural imagery is used by Shakespeare to present the natural beauty of women; the word delights implied that they are special and are there to be enjoyed. Also the term fresh female buds implies that they are young, and ready to blossom into something more mature. This natural imagery implies that were the women are still beautiful, they are still to be used in a way that the servants would do. This is yet another technique used by Shakespeare; he uses certain people at different levels in the societal hierarchy as symbols to show the array of views throughout society. However, Capulet does not sound as crude as Sampson and Gregory did previously, this was an acceptable view to have towards women at the time in society where as it is unacceptable now. Shakespeare continues with his extended metaphor of nature later on the story, when Capulet is talking to Paris about him giving away her hand in marriage. He thinks that his daughter is not yet ripe to be a bride. This immediately suggests to the audience that she is being compared to a fruit, which again is something wonderful and beautiful. On the other hand, Capulet is very aware that early arranged marriage can turn sour eventually just like fruit. This is also shown in the quote too soon marred are those two early made. When Capulet says this in the Zefferelli film, he looks across to his wife, who gives him a significant sour look. This dramatic technique shows the resentment between Lady Capulet and Capulet and we know he is talking from experience of his own arranged marriage. Sampson and Gregory also talk about how they are always up for fights with the Montague servants, Sampson says, I will push Montagues men from the wall This is a metaphor presenting his hatred towards Montagues. It suggests humiliation of the opposite family because by pushing them from the walls in the streets. ampson goes onto say and I will thrust his maids to the wall. This is a pun, which also denotes embarrassment, this time of the opposite sex. The pun is made clear through sexual gestures made by Sampson. This is a dramatic technique used by Zefferelli to emphasise Sampsons violent sexual nature. Moreover, I believe that Shakespeare is specifically showing how men treated women at the time of the play and to some extent, still are, treated as objects that are to be used purely for the sexual pleasure of the male species. There is a contrast of moods throughout the play. The mood created by the love between Romeo and Juliet is bright, happy, and romantic. The prevailing mood of Verona is ugly, harsh, and cruel, as evidenced in the needless conflict between the Capulets and Montagues and the action of those touched by the conflict. The death of Romeo and Juliet creates a mood of tragedy and despair. Shakespeare is always changing the moods presented within the play; however they still all mainly revolve around love. One of the plays most consistent visual motifs is the contrast between light and dark, often in terms of night/day imagery. This contrast is not given a particular metaphoric meaning-light is not always good, and dark is not always evil. On the contrary, light and dark are generally used to provide a sensory contrast and to hint at opposed alternatives. One of the more important instances of this motif is Romeos lengthy meditation on the sun and the moon during the balcony scene, in which Juliet is metaphorically described as the sun. Shakespeare presents the prince as being very demanding and intelligent; this is shown when he says throw your mistempered weapons to the ground. Using the word mistempered acts as a pun, so therefore shows his intelligence and anger that he is feeling at the time. The word mistempered has two meanings, one of which is that the weapons were used in anger and the other is that they have been made for the wrong reason. He may have done this as a gateway so that he can get some of his views across into the play. One of the main ways that Shakespeare presents Romeo and Juliets true love is through his use of metaphors and contrasting similes. For example in the famous balcony scene the audience really gets to see how Romeos feelings have changed. The imagery of light and darkness are very important to the play and particularly to this scene. When Romeo felt he was in love with Rosaline, his mood was dark and gloomy because she was cold like the moon, however now that he has met, and is in love with Juliet, his mood becomes a lot more bright and warm, we know this because he compares Juliet to the sum, which suggests that know she is in his life, he feels warmer. Again Romeo is personifying the planets, which reminds the audience of the Greek mythology theme, this makes their love seem magical and out of this world. He also compares her to an angel, which is developing the religious symbol that was seen during their first meeting, which also suggests that their love pure, and is destiny. This reference to an angel in the dark, As glorious to this night as is a winged messenger from heaven, is an obvious contrast between dark and bright. This extended metaphor supports the idea that he feels warm and bright now she is in his life. In conclusion, Shakespeare uses a variety of metaphors, extended metaphors and comparative similes, these are use to portray the in-depth imagery. The main image that is used in Romeo and Juliet is a natural one, and it is mainly used to portray the beauty of the females in society. However, a twist is put upon the image: Sampson and Gregory talk about the beauty of women in a vulgar and violent sense. This is to show their violent and chauvinistic nature, as well as their sexual desires. These two characters symbolise and stereotype males during this period in society. Shakespeare also uses them to emphasise male dominance. The audience gets an impression of patriarchal society in general; this is because the same chauvinistic views are shown at both ends of the hierarchical system. The servants, Sampson and Gregory, share the same opinions as Lord Capulet. Romeo and Juliet show the true love that two people can share. They are presented as a constant contrast of light and dark. When they didnt have each other everything was dark and the mood was bad, however when they found each other the mood of the overall play as well as the characters brightens. Shakespeare does this to show the audience that love is not about money, status or any other conventional things; but true love is about devoted couple who share equal power. I believe that Shakespeare did this to try and educate society at the time.

Sustainable Livelihood essays

Sustainable Livelihood essays The environment is the basis of all life. Biology teaches us that everything is connected. Sustainable livelihood (SL) refers to fact that the ecosystem and all other systems, such as economic, social and cultural systems, are interrelated and affect each other daily. Sustainable livelihoods, in their simplest form, are about local efforts to alter behavior that has the ability to result in global changes. SL requires the rich to work with the poor, the privileged with the unprivileged, and the educated with the uneducated. This sharing of power and resources allows everyone, regardless of class, sex or standing, to be a part of a larger process to bring about a significant social and environmental change. Our Common Future, also known as the Bruntland Report, was written in the 1980s. This time was the first large push for environmentalists to bring the sustainability concept to the public. The report gives this quotation: Our global future depends upon sustainable development. It depends upon our willingness and ability to dedicate our intelligence, ingenuity, and adaptability-our energy-to our common future. This is a choice we can make. Sustainable development is ... development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. From that point on, sustainability gained momentum in many forums, such as the United Nations, governments and corporations. SL attempts in the past that have failed did so because of the approaches they took. Too often, foreigners came to an area, told the people what to do, and then left. This put the people in a position of disadvantage because they were not able to define their needs and, in turn, their own future. More modern SL approaches allow local people to develop their own goals for their community, and then other nations or communities support them in achieving those goals. The concept of ...

Vector Theorems Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vector Theorems - Math Problem Example Since we have a medial triangle DEF as shown above, for convenience we draw the same triangle separately as shown below. Here D (a, 0, 0), E (0, b, 0), and F (0, 0, c) be the vertices of medial triangle while N is the centroid of the triangle. By distance formula, N has the coordinates as (a/3, b/3, c/3). Let D†² be the mid-point of EF, therefore its coordinates will be (0, b/2, c/2). Now we find the distance between N and D†². Similarly 2 E†²N = EN, and 2 F†²N = FN. Thus, it means that the centroid is located two thirds of the way from the original vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side of the triangle. Now, since we have a triangle ABC and E is the middle point of BC, and P is the centroid of ABC. Therefore, by using above theorem we have OP = OA + 2/3 AE. Now we will find the centroid of ABC. Now we will find the centroid of DEF. Let Q = centroid of DEF = OQ = OD + 2/3 DM/ From above equation no.2 and equation no.3 it is evident that P=Q. Thus it has been proved that the centroid of the triangle ABC is equal to the centroid of medial triangle DEF

PDP (personal development plan) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

PDP (personal development plan) - Assignment Example I have always been a very independent person who prefers to work autonomously in nearly all aspects of academics and professional life. However, with the advent of internal business auditing and external auditing consultants that continuously monitor business function and adherence to accepted accounting standards, I realised that team-working was a very strong deficiency at the personal level. Auditing systems designed to measure compliance require collaboration between accounting professionals, management and a variety of external servicepersons which prevents autonomous working. Diagnostically, I discovered through secondary research literature that many companies do not rotate their auditing teams, which builds familiarity with business professionals throughout the organisation and familiarises auditing servicepersons sustaining years of tenure with business operations, accounting procedures relevant for the business, and social relationship development.1 This will require freque nt interaction, communication and collaboration with a variety of business professionals that will expect contribution to discussion and mutual respect. This tends to conflict with my traditional need to work in segregation from others in the organisation. Developing my cooperative abilities, therefore, was established as my SMART goal since it is going to be a realistic part of the accounting environment when entering the workplace. I determined that the most appropriate goal was to ensure that I gained experience working with others by purposely engaging myself with team activities both in-school and in terms of extracurricular activities. I decided that I would begin attending study sessions and attempt working collaboratively with individuals at the Student Union in order to prepare myself for partnered study and building a sense of inter-dependency with diverse individuals maintaining unique viewpoints. This was the most practical and viable methodology of learning teamwork,